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Research Articles
49 articles
Open Access
Research Article 25 Aug 2025
Development of a Fluorescence Isothermal Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Feline Calicivirus
Feline Calicivirus (FCV) is responsible for a highly contagious disease in domestic cats. FCV may cause multiple symptoms and even death to the infected cats. A simple and cost-effective real-time RPA assay was developed…
214 Views 87 Downloads
Open Access
Descriptive Research 14 Aug 2025
HMPV in Focus: Emerging Insights into a Silent Respiratory Threat
Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major cause of respiratory illness, primarily affecting young children, and can also cause severe disease in elderly or immunocompromised adults. Although first identified in 2001, retro…
17 Views 75 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Case Study 31 Jan 2025
Detection of an Imported Case of Severe Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in a Patient with Comorbidities, Dakar, Senegal 2023
In July 2023, a diabetic from Mauritania was diagnosed as a severe case of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) at Dakar hospital, Senegal. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the new strain as a CCHF virus reassortant …
594 Views 121 Downloads 2 Citations
Open Access
Case Report 31 Jan 2025
Bordetella bronchiseptica Infection in an Immunocompetent Adult and a Literature Review on this Rare Zoonosis
Introduction: Bordetella bronchiseptica, a Gram-negative coccobacillus, studied for its role in Canine Infectious Respiratory Disease and porcine atrophic rhinitis. It is an opportunistic pathogen with few reported cases…
2,224 Views 110 Downloads
Open Access
Descriptive Research 25 Oct 2024
Application of UV-C Technology in Managing the Monkeypox Epidemic: Surface, Air, and PPE Decontamination
The outbreak of monkeypox, a zoonotic viral disease, necessitates effective strategies for infection control and decontamination. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation, with its germicidal properties, has long been utilized for…
640 Views 115 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Research Article 20 Sep 2024
Occult Hepatitis C Infection in Kidney Transplant and Hemodialysis Patients Identified five to Eight Years after Sustained Virological Response
Background: Occult Hepatitis C Infection (OCI) is characterized by the detection of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) RNA in hepatocytes and in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) with no detection in serum, and PBMCs and R…
325 Views 107 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 08 Aug 2024
Genetic Identification of EBNA1 Gene in Cases of Infectious Mononucleosis (IM) in the Metropolitan Region of Belem, Para, Brazil
Background: EBV Nuclear Antigen 1 (EBNA1) is a multifunctional protein of 641 amino acids. In host cells it is essential for the maintenance, replication and transcription of the EBV genome in expressed in both latent an…
155 Views 63 Downloads
Open Access
Short Communication 14 Jun 2024
Return to a Warmer Climate of the Middle Pliocene will Boost Bacterial, Viral and Protozoan Parasite Pathogen Induced Diseases
A return to the climate of the middle Pliocene is probable within this century and the increased temperatures, particularly at higher latitudes, will boost the spread of several bacterial, viral and protozoan parasite pa…
377 Views 100 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 23 May 2024
Serological Diagnosis and Molecular Detection of Varicella Zoster Virus in Patients with Suspected Meningoencephalitis
Background: Primary infection (chickenpox) or infection after reactivation (herpes zoster) of the herpesvirus Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) can lead to central nervous system complications, such as meningoencephalitis. Th…
344 Views 134 Downloads
Open Access
Original Article 03 Feb 2024
One-Year Investigation of Hepatitis A Virus and Rotavirus in Two Waste Water Treatment Plants in Egypt
Background: Waterborne enteric viruses are evolving source of disease outbreaks and represent a major threat to global public health. The repetitive assessment of water environments is necessary to manage enteric virus…
1,555 Views 142 Downloads
Open Access
Review Article 31 Oct 2023
Review on Pest Des Petits Ruminants Virus and its Socioeconomic Impact in Small Ruminants
Peste Des Petits Ruminants (PPR) are a highly contagious viral disease that mainly affects sheep and goats. It belongs to the genus Morbillivirus in the family Paramyxoviridae. Today, this disease is considered a cause o…
2,853 Views 137 Downloads 3 Citations
Open Access
Review Article 11 Oct 2023
Diversity of Non-Influenza Respiratory Viruses Associated with Influenza-Like Illness during 2009 pre and pandemic periods in Sao Paulo, Brazil, a Historical Overview
Background and objective: During the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic, 60% of the respiratory specimens collected from patients under surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) in São Paulo, Brazil, tested negative f…
661 Views 97 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 16 Jun 2023
Development of a New Anti-Rabies Antiviral: Effective Treatment with Beclin-1 and Lifespan Prolongation
Autophagy is a cellular mechanism that exerts antiviral effects in some virus-infected cells, while it can have opposite effects on some other cells. Rabies is an infectious disease caused by negative-stranded RNA virus.…
1,490 Views 102 Downloads
Open Access
Mini Review 30 Dec 2022
Philosophy of Science and Scientific Knowledge both Help to Solve Problems in Viral Taxonomy
Biological classifications are made up of abstract classes created by biologists such as species, genera, families, and orders. Members of the lower species class are also members of the classes above it and this class i…
848 Views 85 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 27 Oct 2022
Tick-Borne Pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia odocoilei, and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Blacklegged Ticks Widespread across Eastern Canada
Blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, can transmit single or multiple infections during a tick bite. These tick-borne, zoonotic infections can become chronic and cause insidious diseases in patients. In the present tick-…
1,030 Views 108 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Review Article 17 Oct 2022
Risk of Fractures in Older Adults Living with HIV
Recently, the impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in older patients has began to be observed, creating a field that has not being explored at its fullest by infectologists and geriatricians. The complications as…
960 Views 83 Downloads
Open Access
Research Highlights 30 Jun 2022
Development of a Novel Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral: Effective Inhibitory Activity of Brilacidin
The race to develop effective therapeutics/therapies against SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19 is ongoing as the pandemic is still far from being controlled. Recently, three groups of scientists including Bakovic, et al…
930 Views 80 Downloads
Open Access
Review Article 21 May 2022
Cordyceps More Than Edible Mushroom-A Rich Source of Diverse Bioactive Metabolites with Huge Medicinal Benefits
Many mushroom genera are famous for their promising therapeutic capabilities. One of the mushrooms genera attracting attention is Cordyceps which has long been used in Asian countries for maintaining long and healthy lif…
16,217 Views 100 Downloads 12 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 10 May 2022
COVID-19 Vaccination Status in Bogura District in Bangladesh
Background: Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) vaccines have been licensed for usage and have been delivered over the globe in various regions. There is a lack of public awareness and understanding of COVID-19 vaccinations, …
3,999 Views 77 Downloads
Open Access
Opinion 30 Apr 2022
Possible Correlations between the COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine and Contracting Myocarditis/Pericarditis in Young Adults
mRNA vaccines have been pivotal in the management of global health in regulating the spread and severity of COVID-19 across the world. Approximately six months post vaccine, there was concerns raised by the Food and Drug…
4,166 Views 86 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 17 Mar 2022
The Role of School Engagement in Increasing Vaccination During Measles Mass Vaccination Campaign in Nigeria, 2018: The Lagos State Experience
Background: Schools based vaccination provide opportunity for the delivery of routine vaccines, using the school as the venue of delivery. During the 2017/2018 measles vaccination campaign, the school system stakeholders…
1,815 Views 101 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Review Article 24 Feb 2022
Lichens Uses Surprising Uses of Lichens that Improve Human Life
Lichens are rich in nutrients and in biologically active compounds that belong to different chemical classes. The abilities of different members of Lichens have encouraged researchers to investigate further applications …
20,702 Views 90 Downloads 14 Citations
Open Access
Short Communication 29 Jan 2022
The Truth about mRNA Vaccines
All RNA viruses, by entering the host cell, secure their own reproduction because its RNA is attached to the enzyme "RT - reverse transcriptase" to form an immediate "DNA library" that will be incorporated into the genom…
9,343 Views 113 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 17 Jan 2022
Current Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever among Students of Government College University Faisalabad
Background: Dengue fever is a vector-borne infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus, the most common arthropod-borne infection in humans. According to WHO, the best strategy to avoid dengue endemic is to ed…
1,939 Views 90 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Review Article 12 Jan 2022
Mating Behavior and Gonotrophic Cycle in Anopheles gambiae Complex and their Significance in Vector Competence and Malaria Vector Control
Anopheles gambiae complex mosquitoes comprise different morphologically identical species and the most medically important malaria vectors in Africa. Understanding An. gambiae complex mosquitoes’ mating behaviour is a …
5,586 Views 95 Downloads 3 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 29 Dec 2021
Administration of HeberFERON in Patients with Persistent Oropharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan/D614G Strain Viral Shedding
Study background: HeberFERON accelerates SARS-CoV-2 clearance in COVID-19 cases. Considering this we evaluated the employment of HeberFERON in patients with more than 14 days of viral shedding. Methods: This is a case se…
9 Views 103 Downloads
Open Access
Original Article 24 Dec 2021
Prevalence of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii among Internally Displaced Women of District North Waziristan, Pakistan with Home Obstetric History
The present study was conducted to estimate the prevalence rate and to identify risk factors of Cytomegalovirus, Rubella and Toxoplasma gondii among internally displaced women of District North Waziristan, Pakistan with …
5 Views 94 Downloads 2 Citations
Open Access
Mini Review 20 Dec 2021
Immune Response towards COVID-19
Background: As the world witnessed the outbreak of coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19), a disorder developed as a result of a novel coronavirus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), increasing ge…
4 Views 107 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 23 Nov 2021
Virtual Screening of Phytochemicals Targeting the Main Protease and Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2: An In silico Approach
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging virus responsible for the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the advent of COVID-19 vaccines, pandemic fatigue is still…
1,760 Views 82 Downloads 2 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 30 Oct 2021
Antimicrobial Spectrum, Growth/Killing Kinetics, Conventional/Molecular Assay of Characterizing Non-Leguminous Endophytic Bacteria and Fungi from Helianthus annuus, Carica papaya and Lycoperesicum solanum
The aim of this study is to comparative study between conventional and molecular assay of isolation, identification and characterization of non-leguminous endophytic bacteria and fungi in the leguminous root samples. The…
2,208 Views 66 Downloads 3 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 20 Oct 2021
Accuracy of Roche SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test in Nasopharyngeal Swab: Clinical Impression Matters
Background: In COVID-19 pandemic, the diagnosis and treatment must be as early as possible to save the life of each patient. Moreover, screening of asymptomatic carriers, close contacts or healthy subjects must not be de…
1,673 Views 71 Downloads
Open Access
Original Article 13 Oct 2021
The Moderated Mediation Role of Malaria Knowledge and Household Income in the Relationship between Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets and Malaria
Objectives: The study was premised on the notion that insecticide-treated mosquito nets are positively related to malaria prevalence, and that knowledge mediates the relationship between insecticide-treated mosquito nets…
1,359 Views 78 Downloads
Open Access
Original Article 10 Sep 2021
Susceptibility Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Dental Caries Patients Attending Clinic at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria
This study was carried out to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates from dental caries patients attending the clinic at Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Nigeria. A total of 223 ba…
1,079 Views 82 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Case Report 06 Aug 2021
Venom Induced Toxic Ventriculitis Resulting in Acute Reversible Communicating Internal Hydrocephalus, Acute Pituitary Haemorrhage, Acute Hypopituitarism, Acute Kidney Injury, Septicaemia, Cellulitis and DIC Due to Viper Bite in a Young Farmer: A Case Report
A young farmer, tenth standard student, helping his grandfather during holiday, developed anuria after viper bite. Because of headache, non-enhanced CT scan head was done on admission which showed a small pituitary haem…
1,107 Views 102 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Editorial 24 Jul 2021
Air Pollution COVID-19 and Forensic Implications
COVID-19 and the new variant are a classic example of viral and environmental toxicology link. Observing literature related spread velocity and diffusion of this respiratory virus it is clear the role played by air pollu…
5,313 Views 81 Downloads
Open Access
Mini Review 27 May 2021
Cell, Time and Knowledge: Some Conjectures
The impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on global institutions and populations has been unprecedented. The health measures (e.g., confinement and social distancing) recommended by WHO and adopted by most nations in…
5,677 Views 89 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 26 May 2021
Effect of Positional Isomerism on Some Alcohol Based Drug towards Anti-Viral Activity against SARS-Cov-2: A Molecular Modeling Based Investigation
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, better known as COVID-19, has become a major health concern worldwide. It has challenged the global healthcare sector like anything. It appeared in Wuhan, China, aroun…
5,370 Views 107 Downloads 3 Citations
Open Access
Mini Review 21 May 2021
Basic Knowledge on Leprosy: A Short Review
Leprosy is a chronic disease which is caused by the infection of Mycobacterium leprae bacterium and leads to neurological consequences. Regardless of its slow progressiveness, it is an exceptionally serious disease that …
2,990 Views 82 Downloads
Open Access
Mini Review 22 Apr 2021
Current Stem Cell Research Status on Hepatic and Pulmonary Sclerosis in COVID-19
Since 2019, Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has changed the concept of systemic sclerosis caused by viral infectious diseases. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative organism of COVID-…
5,278 Views 101 Downloads
Open Access
Research Article 16 Dec 2020
Sampling and Characterization of the Environmental Fungi in the Provincial Historic Archive of Pinar Del RÃo, Cuba
It has been reported that there is a correlation between indoor airborne fungi and the biodeterioration of valuable documents in archives, libraries and museums, and that these fungi can also cause effects on human healt…
3,140 Views 580 Downloads 6 Citations
Open Access
Letter to Editor 18 Nov 2020
Use of Polio Vaccine Salk vs SARS- CoV-2E and HIV-1E 2, both as Therapeutic Drug and Effective Vaccine to Make Memory-Cells Able to Stop Reinfections
Dr. Ansovini began studying viruses by focusing his attention on HIV-1. The main discovery he made is that this virus, so difficult to treat, can be classified as “electricalâ€: one of its functional proteins, i.e.  
8,403 Views 580 Downloads 1 Citation
Open Access
Review Article 12 Nov 2020
Sex and Age Differences in Telomere Length and Susceptibility to COVID-19
Background: Telomeres are the ends of a chromosome and play a fundamental role as vanguards contra the chromosomal decay. Due to the inability of DNA polymerase to replicate chromosomal ends, a reduction in telomeres len…
10,407 Views 459 Downloads 6 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 26 Oct 2020
In silico Screening of Approved Drugs to Describe Novel E. coli DNA Gyrase A Antagonists
The alarming multiple drug resistance developed by Escherichia coli towards the routine conventional antibiotics owing to their non-judicious usage is fast becoming a tough menace. This necessitates the urgent unleashing…
4,766 Views 551 Downloads
Open Access
Review Article 14 Oct 2020
Remdesivir Research Progress: An Overview of the Emerging Evidence
There has been an increasing interest in remdesivir research within the scientific medical community because of the emerging evidence suggesting its beneficial role in patients with COVID‑19. Remdesivir which can be gi…
7,387 Views 2,261 Downloads 2 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 10 Sep 2020
Primary Prevention of New Pandemic and Biomimetic-Based Adaptation to Situation Connected with COVID-19 Pandemic
Acceleration of worldwide infection with mutant of coronavirus SARS CoV-19 require new paradigmatic of human activity based on negative feed-back system following basic mechanism of Homeostasis of all living organisms an…
7,001 Views 470 Downloads
Open Access
Review Article 13 Aug 2020
A Review: Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies [ACTs] and K13 Polymorphism
Malaria is caused by four plasmodium species in humans (P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovale) which spread from one person to another via the bite of female Anopheles mosquito. P. falciparum causes most deat…
3,527 Views 464 Downloads
Open Access
Review Article 12 Aug 2020
Covid-19 Pandemic-Insights and Challenges
The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak affected a large number of deaths with millions of confirmed cases worldwide. Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is associated with respiratory illness that lead to severe pneu…
9,422 Views 710 Downloads
Open Access
Short Communication 02 Jul 2020
The Hypothetical Role of Erythrocytes in COVID-19: Immediate Clinical Therapy
We suppose a hypothetical role of erythrocytes in COVID-19: Involvement of bone marrow; evidences of the presence of ferritins in the autoptic spleen; role of erythrocytes in the production of thrombosis; the reason of u…
9,675 Views 979 Downloads 5 Citations
Open Access
Research Article 17 Jun 2020
Determination of an Antiviral Activity of a Composition Comprising Glutathione Reductase (GSSG-R) and Oxidized Glutathione (GSSG) for Pharmaceutical use: Experiments In vitro and In vivo
There are several viruses that are not currently covered by efficient antiviral terapies, as towards Poliovirus and the new Covid19. The spread of atypical viral strains strongly raises the need of having efficient terap…
1,625 Views 296 Downloads 2 Citations
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